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Research on crystal structure and densification of cordierite ceramics Wang Lulu, Ma Beiyue Liu Chunming Deng Chengji Yu Jingkun REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 16-21.   Abstract （197）            Knowledge map    Save Cordierite (Mg2Al4Si5O18) ceramics are widely used in the fields of structural ceramics, catalyst carriers,honeycomb ceramics and electronic materials owing to its excellent mechanical properties,low dielectric constant and low thermal expansion coefficient.In recent years,researchers have made significant progress in cordierite crystal structure and improving the density.In this paper,state-of-the-art research status of cordierite ceramics are reviewed including the crystal structure and densification of cordierite ceramics.On this basis,the issues in the preparation and application of cordierite ceramics are pointed out and the development trend of dense cordierite ceramics is prospected. Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status of treatment and utilization of nickel-iron slag Chen Guangxin Ma Beiyue REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 30-33.   Abstract （183）            Knowledge map    Save Nickel-iron slag is a kind of solid waste that was produced during the smelting process of nickel-iron alloys.At present,most of the nickel-iron slag has been not utilized effectively,they are accumulated in large quantities and seriously polluted environment.The current comprehensive utilization of nickel-iron slag in the preparation of concrete,cement,cementitious materials,mineral wool,glass-ceramics and valuable metal recycling are summarized,and several suggestions are put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on determination of chemical activity of light calcined magnesia Wen Biao Cao Haijie Xu Xiaoying REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 50-53.   Abstract （141）            Knowledge map    Save The measurement conditions for determining the chemical activity of light calcined magnesia by citric acid reaction time method and hydration method were studied，and the optimum measurement conditions for determining the chemical activity of light calcined magnesia by the two methods were determined.The test data were used as the revision basis of YB/T 4019-2020 “Determination of chemical activity of light calcined magnesia”. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on synthesis of CaTiO3 material by high temperature solid state method Liang Jianing Yang Jian He Lijie 　Su Rui Dai Chenchen 　Hao Chunlai REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (4): 5-7.   Abstract （120）            Knowledge map    Save In this paper, calcium carbonate（CaCO3），calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and titanium dioxide（TiO2） were used as raw materials, the ratio of calcium to titanium was 1，and 3% poly PVA was added. After mixing, molding and drying, CaTiO3 samples were prepared. The samples were sintered at 1 500 ℃ , 1 550 ℃ , 1 600 ℃，1 650 ℃，1 700 ℃ respectively. XRD was used to analyze the phase composition of CaTiO3 material, and SEM was used to analyze its microstructure. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of ultra-low emission technology of air pollutants in lime engineering Lü Ming Yang Gengtao Zhang Jinxu REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 1-2.   Abstract （116）            Knowledge map    Save This paper summarizes the current requirements for ultra-low emission in the steel industry and the future policy orientation in China,and highlights the ultra-low emission technology applied by the ZT 5000 lime project according to the environmental protection requirements,which is of reference significance for the same type of enterprises. Related Articles | Metrics

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The latest research progress on thermal conductivity and bending strength of AlN ceramics Wang Lulu, 　Ma Beiyue REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (1): 23-29.   Abstract （101）            Knowledge map    Save AlN ceramics are widely used in structural ceramics, bulletproof and wear-resistant materials, substrates and packaging materials because of their high thermal conductivity， high strength and low dielectric constant. This article reviews the current research status of AlN ceramics，including the new developments of basic properties，thermal conductivity and flexural strength of AlN ceramics. On this basis，the problems in the research and application of AlN ceramics are pointed out，and the development trend of AlN ceramics is prospected Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization and improvement of lining material selection and repair method in Maerz kiln Yang Jianhua REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 8-10.   Abstract （98）            Knowledge map    Save By optimizing and improving the refractory materials of the lining and vulnerable parts of traditional Maerz kiln,the local repairing method of the lining is adopted,which reduces the maintenance cost and prolongs the service life. Related Articles | Metrics

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Production technology of suspension calcination of carbide slag to prepare#br# medium-speed lime#br# Yang Zhanchun　Pang Huanjun　Zhang Linjin　Tang Dan　Wu Heng REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (6): 48-50.   Abstract （97）            Knowledge map    Save Calcium carbide is an important basic chemical raw material for the production of PVC, lime nitrogen，acetylene gas and other products. About 50 million tons of calcium carbide slag are produced every year，in order to promote the transformation from“resources-productsemissions” model to“resources-products-renewable resources” model，reduce the consumption of limestone ore and achieve the double carbon target. This paper introduces in detail a kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly circulating suspension calcination technology of calcium carbide slag, which can produce active lime as well as medium-speed lime through the adjustment of circulating ratio，so that the value of circulating utilization of calcium carbide slag can be greatly increased，and the system energy consumption is low，environmental protection，stable and reliable operation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and calculation of resistance of vertical preheater Xing Hongzhi Chen Yanfang REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 41-43.   Abstract （95）            Knowledge map    Save The basic structure and production state of the vertical preheater are introduced, and the influencing factors of resistance are analyzed.The numerical deviation between the calculation results obtained by using Eugen’s formula and the actual production is small,which can meet the needs of engineering design and provide a reference for the development,design and structural optimization of the vertical preheater. Related Articles | Metrics

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REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 60-62.   Abstract （94）            Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on optimization technology of tundish cover Liu Li Kong Yongjiang Xu Guotao Yao Yashuang Li Hua Zhang Honglei Zhou Wangzhi REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 22-26.   Abstract （90）            Knowledge map    Save Continuous casting intelligent manufacturing requires thinning the thickness of the tundish cover and increasing the baking hole.In order to solve the problems such as the overall strength of the steel structure,high temperature deformation and poor heat insulation performance,the modification design of the steel structure for tundish cover was optimized.After the on-site verification,the service life of the cover is increased from 42 days to 85 days,and the surface temperature of the cover is reduced by about 180 ℃. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research situation of development and utilization of talc in China Tang Jianhuai REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (2): 10-16.   Abstract （90）            Knowledge map    Save Talc [Mg3Si4O10(OH)2] is a layered magnesium silicate mineral with stable chemical properties and good mechanical properties. The general situation of talc resources in China and the application research progress of talc and modified talc in the sewage treatment，ceramics， coatings，medicine，plastics and other industries in recent years are reviewed. The problems existing in the development and utilization of talc are analyzed，and the development direction and prospect of talc are prospected，so as to provide reference for the development of talc industry in China. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and application of corundum-spinel carbon-free ladle brick Su Xin REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (4): 15-17.   Abstract （90）            Knowledge map    Save In order to meet the technical requirements for the production of low carbon steel and ultra-low carbon steel, brown corundum, plate-like corundum, fused magnesium aluminate spinel powder as raw materials, fused magnesia powder and alumina micro powder as additives, and almagnesia powder as binder, the machine pressed unburned corundum spinel carbon free brick was developed. The results show that the performance of the brick is the best when the content of fused magnesia powder and α-alumina powder is 3% and 8% respectively, and the service life of the brick in the molten pool and bottom of 90 ton LF Ladle is up to 105 furnaces. Related Articles | Metrics

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Present situation and development trend of refractory raw materials in China Zhang Yanli　Zhang Xiaohui　Cheng Qingxian　Peng Xigao REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (1): 12-18.   Abstract （89）            Knowledge map    Save China is rich in refractory raw materials，especially bauxite，magnesite and graphite， which play an important role in the world. Currently，Chinese government is paying more and more attention to resources and environment. The management of mining areas has been strengthened， and refractory raw material producers in China have also updated the environmental protection facilities and abandoned the backward production capacity，resulting in a shortage of raw material supply and a sharp rise in prices. The prices of main refractory materials，such as bauxite， magnesia，flake graphite and silicon carbide，fluctuate greatly，which have an important impact on the production of refractories. A favorable environment for the stable operation of refractory industry will be provided depending on more orderly mining operations in China，more complete supply chain of refractory raw materials，and the production lines of refractory materials with high automation degree and large-scale. Related Articles | Metrics

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Daily maintenance and use of refractories in trough of ironmaking plant Zhang Tao REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (2): 27-30.   Abstract （87）            Knowledge map    Save The trough of the ironmaking plant plays a role in circulating molten iron during the tapping process of the blast furnace. It is very important for the daily maintenance and repair of the refractories of the trough in the normal production process. At the same time，the furnace must be shut down for several days when the production of the blast furnace is limited by environmental protection and abnormal production. In this state，the maintenance of the refractories in the trough and the protection during the shutdown are related to the subsequent safe operation and cost reduction of the refractories in the trough. This paper summarizes the experience of some daily operation points in the process of maintenance of trough，which can be used for reference by peers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Improvement of calcining technology for low calorific value gas in double D lime kiln Tong XingXie Tianhua REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (3): 35-37.   Abstract （84）            Knowledge map    Save Under the condition of low calorific value converter gas as fuel, the limestone suitable for low calorific value calcination process is selected after high coke mixed gas replaced by converter gas in the double D lime kiln of Nangang. In view of the adverse effects of low calorific value gas, a series of equipment and process improvements are carried out, which effectively overcome the disadvantages of low calorific value gas, stabilize kiln production and increase the production capacity of double D lime kiln. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of retarders on properties of low cement high alumina silicon carbide castable Kong Xiangkui REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (1): 36-38.   Abstract （84）            Knowledge map    Save Low cement high alumina silicon carbide castable was prepared with 83% rotary kiln bauxite，90% silicon carbide，α-Al 2O3 and silica fume as main raw materials，pure calcium aluminate cement as binder. This paper studied the effects of adding citric acid，boric acid and sodium fluorosilicate as retarders on the construction time，modulus of rupture and compressive strength of low cement high alumina silicon carbide castable. The results showed that the retarding effect of sodium fluorosilicate was the best，the modulus of rupture and compressive strength at ambient temperature decreased after 110 ℃ drying for 24 hours，while the modulus of rupture and compressive strength increased or decreased slightly after 1 100 ℃ and 1 400 ℃ heat treatment for 3 hours，therefore，boric acid or sodium fluorosilicate can be used as retarder in summer. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of SiC-mullite-zirconia multiphase material Li Fengyou 　Li Yuangao 　Zhang Ling REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (5): 15-19.   Abstract （84）            Knowledge map    Save The chromium oxide sintering process is applied to produce the SiC-mullite-zirconia multiphase material featuring excellent performance，with nano-η-Al 2O3 powder taken as the aluminum source and micro-silica as the silicon source to synthesize the associative phase of mullite. With the experiment，the authors probe into the influence of firing temperature exerted on the physical property，phase composition and micro-structure of a multiphase material， and conduct comprehensive thermal analysis of the raw materials. The results show that the SiO2 generated by SiC oxidation is highly active so that it starts to react with the η-Al2O3 in the transient phase under 996.5 ℃，forming solid mullite；the samples boast the best overall performance under 1 600 ℃，with their bulk density reaching 2.82 g/cm3 ，apparent porosity 3.2%, flexural strength 143.2 MPa at room temperature, while oxidation mass gain 0.65% only；the calcined ZrO2 losses its stability，transforms from c-ZrO2 to m-ZrO2，and evenly distributed in the samples；the mullite crystallizes well and bonds tightly with SiC. Key words：Nano-η-Al 2O3；Chromium oxi Related Articles | Metrics

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Cause analysis and improvement measures of ladle down nozzle bleed-out Wang Liguo Wei Heyi REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (1): 21-22.   Abstract （83）            Knowledge map    Save The internal and external causes were analyzed in this paper，and the causes of steel leakage of the down nozzle were put forward. Through analyzing the causes of the steel leakage in the down nozzle，it was rectified to avoid the occurrence of the steel leakage accident Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of micron and submicron SiC powders on sintering properties of  new type SiC  refractories Guo Junhua Wang Wenwu Liu Yan REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 3-7.   Abstract （83）            Knowledge map    Save Micron and submicron SiC powders were used as matrix for preparation of new type direct bond SiC refractories.The effects of different particle size distribution on the bulk density apparent porosity and linear shrinkage of pressureless sintered samples at 2 100 ℃ were investigated.The experimental results show that after sintering at 2100 ℃,the linear shrinkage increases with the increase of SiC  powder.When the matrix is pure submicron SiC powder,the sintering activity of the sample is better than that of the sample with micron SiC powder and the sample with micron-submicron mixed SiC powder. Related Articles | Metrics

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REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (3): 47-55.   Abstract （81）            Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics

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Situation and development of iron and steel and metallurgical lime production in China Jia Nannan　Li Xiao REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (4): 1-4.   Abstract （81）            Knowledge map    Save This paper summarizes the present situation of iron and steel production and metallurgical lime production in China. Combined with the national industrial policy guidance， it analyzes the situation faced by the metallurgical lime industry development in our country，and advances some relevant development suggestions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of impurity content on high temperature properties of silicon brick Li Yuan REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (4): 11-14.   Abstract （81）            Knowledge map    Save The impurities in silica brick have a certain effect on it s refractoriness and refractoriness under load，a certain amount of impurities can promote the crystal transformation of quartz，which is beneficial to reduce the true density and thermal expansion coefficient of silica brick. The effects of various impurities on different properties of the product should be fully considered in the production，and the contents of impurities such as Na2O，K2O and Al2O3 should be scientifically controlled so as to improve the comprehensive properties of the product. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application prospect of biomass energy in low-carbon production of lime industry Yan Bingkuan REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (4): 43-45.   Abstract （81）            Knowledge map    Save The process of lime production has high carbon emission and causes pollution to the environment. The application of biomass energy in the lime industry，whose carbon emission is close to zero，can achieve the carbon neutral target, which is of great significance to the lowcarbon development of the lime industry Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice and research of calcining low-strength and easy-to-crack limestone by Maerz kiln Chen Qingfeng REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (4): 25-29.   Abstract （79）            Knowledge map    Save On the basis of experiments, the technology of improving the process measures of Maerz kiln was developed according to the characteristics of low-strength and easy-to-crack of local limestone in Democratic Republic of the Congo, which achieved good results and successfully calcined quicklime. Suggestions for optimization were also proposed for the existing problems. This technical solution can provide the industry peers with reference for producing quicklime and improving efficiency and quality. Related Articles | Metrics

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Upgrading of air cap of vertical cooler of active lime rotary kiln Duan Qingtao Wang Hongyan Ma Shouqiang REFRACTORIES & LIME    2023, 48 (1): 39-41.   Abstract （79）            Knowledge map    Save By optimizing the internal structure of the vertical cooler in the active lime rotary kiln， the ash temperature and the secondary air volume of the cooler are reduced，the environment is improved，and the lime quality is improved. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of La2O3 on structure and properties of periclase-forsterite refractories Zhu Yuxuan Liu Hao Wang Zhoufu Ma Yan Wang Xitang Chen Shaoyi REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 11-15.   Abstract （76）            Knowledge map    Save The effects of La2O3 on the structure and properties of periclase-forsterite refractories were studied with fused magnesia and silica powder as main raw materials.The results showed that the introduction of La2O3 and their increase in content produce irregular,rod-shaped and needle-shaped lanthanum containing silicate phases between the main crystalline grains; The in-situ formation of the phases was conductive to improve the bulk density and decrease the apparent porosity of the materials,the mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance were also significantly enhanced；The enhanced microstructure from the in-situ formed lanthanum containing silicate phases elevated the penetration resistance of the materials to the melted glass batch and sodium sulfate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on corrosion mechanism of low carbon steel on slag line brick Li Hongbo REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 27-29.   Abstract （76）            Knowledge map    Save The residual bricks of slag line bricks after smelting low-carbon steel in the electric furnace workshop of a steel plant were selected to study the corrosion mechanism of slag line bricks by low-carbon steel by scanning tunnel electron microscope (SEM) and energy spectrometer (EDS).The results show that the carbon in the slag line brick is oxidized by FeO in the slag and O2 in the environment,and the reduction reaction of MgO and C at high temperature causes the removal of carbon and the formation of a decarburization layer,resulting in the loose structure of the slag line brick;With the formation of the decarburization layer,the slag penetrates into the decarburization layer through the loose matrix,the calcium silicate phase in the slag erodes the periclase grain boundary to form low melting point C2MS3,and the slag line brick is oxidized,decarburized and eroded repeatedly. Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and application prospect of green and intelligent development of refractory production equipment Zhao Wei Yan Hao Zhou Shengqiang Guo Dongfang Zhou Shaoge REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 44-49.   Abstract （76）            Knowledge map    Save Refractory automation production equipment in China has experienced from scratch,from weak to strong development process,from the initial simple manual tools updated,gradually developed into intelligent warehouse,automatic ingredients equipment,“four-in-one” molding equipment,automatic packaging equipment such as automatic equipment.With the further application of computer software system,refractory has moved into the  industrial 3.0 era.Taking the intelligent transformation and upgrading of the company as an example,this paper simply describes the effects and problems of green and intelligent refractory production equipment,puts forward the problems faced by the green and intelligent development of refractory production equipment in China,and looks forward to the future development prospects. Related Articles | Metrics

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REFRACTORIES & LIME    2022, 47 (3): 58-59.   Abstract （75）            Knowledge map    Save Related Articles | Metrics